The Colorful World of Cichlid Fish in Lake Victoria

What type of speciation is exemplified by the cichlid fish in Lake Victoria?

A. Sympatric speciation

B. Allopatric speciation

C. Parapatric speciation

D. Adaptive radiation

Answer:

A. Sympatric speciation

The cichlid fish in Lake Victoria showcase an intriguing case of sympatric speciation. Sympatric speciation refers to the evolution of two distinct species from a single ancestral population that inhabits the same geographical area. In this scenario, the cichlid fish species in Lake Victoria have diversified into blue fish that inhabit shallow waters and red fish that dwell in deep waters.

The blue cichlid fish exhibit a preference for mating with other blue fish, while the red cichlid fish tend to mate with their red counterparts. This color-based mating preference has led to the distinct separation of these species within the same habitat.

It is fascinating to observe how a single ancestral species of cichlid fish has given rise to a diverse array of colors and behaviors in Lake Victoria. This process of sympatric speciation highlights the incredible adaptability and evolutionary potential of these underwater inhabitants.