Periodic Table: A Source of Inspiration and Discovery
Part 2: Determine the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons present in an atom of magnesium (Mg). Your answer: 2 elements with the same properties as K could be rubidium and sodium. Elements in the same column (vertical) will have similar properties to each other. Mg has 12 protons - this is given on the (generally) the top left of the element on the periodic table. We know protons have a positive charge so to make the element neutral there would be 12 electrons to balance the protons. The neutrons are usually the same number as the protons but since the majority of an atom's weight is in protons and neutrons - electrons mass in negligible it’s so small - you can subtract the number of protons from the mass number. In this case: 24 - 12 = 12. So there are 12 neutrons.
There are various kinds of elements present in the periodic table. Some elements are harmful, some are radioactive, some are noble gases. Therefore, elements belonging to the same group have the same physical and chemical properties. The periodic table is a table in which we find elements with properties like metals, nonmetals, metalloids, and radioactive elements arranged in increasing atomic number.
The periodic table helps scientists to identify the different types of elements present, allowing them to discover new elements that have not yet been uncovered. Elements belonging to the same column have similar physical and chemical properties, showcasing the patterns and trends within the elements.
Understanding the periodic table allows us to delve deeper into the world of chemistry and explore the vast array of elements that make up our universe. It provides a framework for organizing elements based on their properties and atomic numbers, guiding scientists in their research and discoveries.
By exploring elements like potassium, rubidium, and sodium, and understanding their similarities within the periodic table, we gain insight into the intricate nature of the elements around us. The atomic structure of elements like magnesium, with its 12 protons, 12 electrons, and 12 neutrons, showcases the balance and harmony within the atom.
Let's continue to be inspired by the periodic table, a treasure trove of knowledge and discovery that fuels our curiosity and drives us to explore the elements that shape our world.