The Most Suitable Shape for an Arch Carrying a Vertical Load

What is the most suitable shape for an arch carrying a vertical load uniformly distributed along the length of the arch axis?

a. Parabolic arch
b. Circular arch
c. Inverted catenary
d. Elliptical arch

Final answer: a. Parabolic arch

A parabolic arch is the most suitable shape for an arch carrying a uniformly distributed vertical load. This is because of its effective use in distributing loads and resistance to deformation.

The most suitable shape for an arch carrying a vertical load uniformly distributed along the length of the arch axis is a parabolic arch. This shape is most effective because a parabolic arch distributes load evenly and maximizes resistance to deformation. This is due to the fact that the natural curve of a parabola puts every point on the curve in perfect compression. For any vertical load applied on the arch, the arch transmits the load to its supports or abutments, thereby eliminating bending stress.

An arch, as seen in various architectural structures, can span large areas by resolving forces into compressive stresses. These eliminate tensile stresses, making it suitable for bearing immense weight. Therefore, when a vertical load is uniformly distributed along the arch, a parabolic form ensures effective weight redistribution from the top through its sides, and finally into the ground.