Tooth Decay Experiment: Understanding the Role of Bacteria and Sugar

What causes tooth decay?

How can the interaction between oral bacteria, fermentable carbohydrates, and acid production lead to tooth decay?

Answer:

Tooth decay occurs due to the interaction between oral bacteria, fermentable carbohydrates, and the subsequent production of acid that demineralizes tooth enamel. In an experiment simulating oral conditions, a tooth is placed in a Petri dish and dental plaque samples along with a sugar solution are applied to the tooth. This tooth is then incubated at body temperature, and the pH of the solution is periodically tested.

The experiment mimics the conditions in the mouth where dental plaque, which contains bacteria like Streptococcus mutans, ferments sugars to produce acid. This acid, in turn, lowers the pH of the environment, causing demineralization of the tooth enamel. Over time, this demineralization leads to cavities and tooth decay.

Understanding this experiment illustrates the crucial role of oral bacteria, fermentable carbohydrates, and acid production in the tooth decay process. It highlights the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene practices and following a balanced diet to prevent cavities and maintain oral health.