Trade Relationships of the Ming Dynasty
What were the trade relationships of the Ming Dynasty like?
The Ming Dynasty had significant interactions with foreign countries. Which of the following is true regarding the Ming Dynasty's trade relationships?
- A. The Ming Dynasty always favored extensive foreign trade
- B. The Ming Dynasty initially forbade foreign trade
- C. The Qing Dynasty lifted many trade restrictions with Western nations
- D. The Ming Dynasty restricted trade to an exchange of tribute goods
Answer:
The Ming Dynasty initially forbade foreign trade.
The Ming Dynasty, after expelling the Mongols, initially took a conservative approach towards foreign trade. The first Ming emperor, Hongwu, implemented policies that forbade foreign trade at the beginning of their rule.
Financial pressures later forced the Ming government to permit trade with Europeans in the latter half of the 16th century. This decision brought prosperity to Chinese farmers, artisans, and merchants. Throughout the late 16th century, changes in trade policies were implemented, which caused concern among conservatives in the country.
On the other hand, the Qing Dynasty lifted many trade restrictions with Western nations and signed treaties to encourage international commerce. However, the Canton system during the Qing Dynasty confined all trade to the southern Chinese port of Canton, limiting direct contact with Europeans.
Therefore, it is not accurate to say that the Ming Dynasty always favored extensive trade relationships with foreign countries.