How to Calculate the Heat Required to Convert Ice to Steam in a Sauna

What is the process involved in calculating the heat required to convert a block of ice to steam in a sauna? To calculate the heat required to convert a 0.8 kg block of ice to steam at 104.0 degrees Celsius in a sauna, we need to consider the stages of phase change and specific heat capacities and specific latent heats involved.

Calculation Process:

1. Heating the Ice: Firstly, we need to calculate the heat required to raise the temperature of the ice from -8 degrees Celsius to its melting point at 0 degrees Celsius. The specific heat capacity of ice is 2.09 kJ/kg/K.

2. Melting the Ice: Next, we calculate the heat required to melt the ice at 0 degrees Celsius. The specific latent heat of fusion for ice is 334 kJ/kg.

3. Heating the Water: After the ice has melted, we need to calculate the heat required to raise the temperature of the water from 0 degrees Celsius to 100 degrees Celsius. The specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 kJ/kg/K.

4. Vaporizing the Water: Finally, we calculate the heat required to convert the water at 100 degrees Celsius to steam at 104.0 degrees Celsius. The specific latent heat of vaporization for water is 2260 kJ/kg.

The total heat required is the sum of these individual heat transfers. By calculating these values, we can determine the total heat required to convert the ice block to steam in the sauna.

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