How Ancient Mariners Relied on the Stars NYT

How did ancient mariners navigate vast oceans before the invention of modern technology? Ancient mariners navigated using constellations and the North Star, relying on these for guidance across oceans.

Ancient Mariners and Star Navigation

Ancient mariners navigated vast oceans by relying on constellations and the stars without the aid of modern technology. By observing the night sky, they were able to identify patterns in the stars which helped them in navigation.

Civilizations and Star Patterns

Civilizations, including the Chinese, Egyptians, and Greeks, created constellations that served as guides for determining location and directing their voyages. Mariners also used the position of the North Star, which is useful for navigation in the Northern Hemisphere, as it remains relatively fixed in the sky.

Pre-GPS Navigation

Before the invention of the GPS system, star navigation was essential for transoceanic voyages. Mariners used tools like quadrants to mark the altitude of stars and the Sun to estimate their position at sea.

Mastering Star Navigation

The Mayan culture and the Polynesians were among those who mastered the art of star navigation, which played a crucial role in exploration and the spread of civilizations.

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